The influence of Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) extends far beyond academia, deeply intertwining with the cultural and social fabrics that bind communities. Central to this influence are the HBCU sororities and fraternities known collectively as the Divine Nine. These organizations have long cultivated leadership, scholarship, and a commitment to service, shaping the identity and legacy of Greek life across HBCU campuses and beyond. Their rich history and continued impact make them a cornerstone in building communities that champion equality, empowerment, and tradition.
A Closer Look at the Divine Nine
The Divine Nine is the nickname of a group of nine historically Black college organizations called the National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC). Founded between the early 20th century and mid-century, the Divine Nine comprises nine Black Greek-letter organizations that foster lifelong bonds through shared values and dedication to community service. Each organization has its unique history, traditions, and focus, yet all significantly enrich campus life and beyond. Collectively, these organizations comprise nearly 4 million members.
From Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, the first intercollegiate Greek-letter fraternity for African Americans, to Iota Phi Theta Fraternity, the most recent addition emphasizing community impact, the Divine Nine represents a spectrum of leadership and service. These organizations have consistently promoted academic excellence, social justice, and cultural pride. Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, founded by African American women, is renowned for its dedication to educational empowerment. Similarly, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority has made its mark through advocacy on social issues and its commitment to promoting educational programs.
Each of the Divine Nine continues to uphold its values while adapting to the changing needs of society. Their commitment to fostering strong bonds, advancing education, and creating a positive societal impact remains unwavering.
1. Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity
- Website: www.apa1906.net
- Founded At: Cornell University, 1906
Background:
Alpha Phi Alpha is the first intercollegiate Greek-letter fraternity established for African American men. It was created to address the lack of support and community for black students in predominantly white institutions. The fraternity focuses on scholarship, leadership, and social justice and has been involved in significant civil rights movements. Prominent members include Martin Luther King Jr., Thurgood Marshall, and W.E.B. Du Bois. On HBCU campuses, Alpha Phi Alpha fosters academic excellence, mentorship, and community service.
2. Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority
- Website: www.aka1908.com
- Founded At: Howard University, 1908
Background:
Alpha Kappa Alpha is the first sorority founded by African American women. Its mission is to promote scholarship, service, and sisterhood while addressing issues affecting the African American community. Known for initiatives like educational funding and health awareness campaigns, Alpha Kappa Alpha plays a vital role in empowering Black women. The organization’s presence on HBCU campuses is profound, fostering leadership and a commitment to service among students.
3. Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity
- Website: www.kappaalphapsi1911.com
- Founded At: Indiana University, 1911
Background:
Kappa Alpha Psi is renowned for its emphasis on achievement in every field of human endeavor. The fraternity’s mentorship programs and community outreach initiatives have left a lasting impact on education and social empowerment. Known for their signature step performances, members are celebrated for their creativity and dedication to excellence, significantly enriching HBCU culture.
4. Omega Psi Phi Fraternity
- Website: www.omegapsiphi.org
- Founded At: Howard University, 1911
Background:
Omega Psi Phi was the first Greek-letter organization founded at an HBCU. Its principles—manhood, scholarship, perseverance, and uplift—serve as a guiding force for its members. The fraternity is deeply involved in initiatives like voter registration, mentorship, and social advocacy. Known for their powerful community presence, Omega Psi Phi members have made significant contributions to both Black culture and society.
5. Delta Sigma Theta Sorority
- Website: www.deltasigmatheta.org
- Founded At: Howard University, 1913
Background:
Delta Sigma Theta is committed to public service and social advocacy, with a particular focus on programs that benefit the Black community. Its legacy includes participation in the Women’s Suffrage March in 1913, and today it continues to lead in education, health, and economic development initiatives. Delta’s influence on HBCU campuses extends beyond service, shaping leaders and fostering community engagement.
6. Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity
- Website: www.phibetasigma1914.org
- Founded At: Howard University, 1914
Background:
Phi Beta Sigma is unique in its focus on inclusivity and the broader community. Its programs emphasize brotherhood, scholarship, and service, with initiatives in education, social action, and health advocacy. On HBCU campuses, the fraternity promotes academic achievement, leadership, and lifelong bonds among its members.
7. Zeta Phi Beta Sorority
- Website: www.zphib1920.org
- Founded At: Howard University, 1920
Background:
Zeta Phi Beta is known for its community-conscious initiatives and dedication to service. The organization focuses on addressing social issues through programs like youth outreach and health advocacy. Its strong presence on HBCU campuses fosters sisterhood and empowerment, inspiring students to take on leadership roles within their communities.
8. Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority
- Website: www.sgrho1922.org
- Founded At: Butler University, 1922
Background:
Sigma Gamma Rho stands out for its commitment to improving the quality of life in underserved communities. Its initiatives in education, health, and leadership development have empowered countless women. With a growing presence on HBCU campuses, the sorority continues to inspire students to pursue excellence and make meaningful contributions to society.
9. Iota Phi Theta Fraternity
- Website: www.iotaphitheta.org
- Founded At: Morgan State University, 1963
Background:
Iota Phi Theta is the youngest member of the Divine Nine, founded during the height of the Civil Rights Movement. The fraternity emphasizes leadership, community service, and social activism. Its presence on HBCU campuses reflects a commitment to fostering unity and addressing societal challenges through innovative initiatives and mentorship.
The Legacy of Greek Life at HBCUs
The legacy of HBCU sororities and fraternities is deeply intertwined with the broader historical struggles and triumphs of African Americans. These organizations have been central to movements for civil rights, political advocacy, and educational reform. Through their work, they have provided young African Americans with platforms to express themselves, develop leadership skills, and engage in transformative community service.
Throughout history, members of the Divine Nine have been at the forefront of social change. Figures like Martin Luther King Jr., Maya Angelou, and Thurgood Marshall exemplify the values instilled by these organizations, demonstrating how their influence extends well beyond the college experience. On HBCU campuses, Greek life serves as more than just a social outlet—it is a springboard for leadership and personal development. Members often form networks that open doors to career opportunities and lifelong connections, creating a ripple effect of empowerment and success.
As society evolves, the Divine Nine continue to address contemporary challenges while staying rooted in their mission of service and unity. Their ability to adapt while maintaining their core principles ensures their relevance and impact in today’s world.
Honoring the Legacy of Empowerment
HBCU sororities and fraternities embody the spirit of leadership, unity, and tradition. The Divine Nine have consistently shaped generations of leaders who continue to make meaningful contributions to their communities and beyond. By understanding their history and influence, we gain a deeper appreciation for the enduring power of these organizations.
As beacons of progress, the Divine Nine remain vital to the role of HBCUs as institutions that foster learning, empowerment, and social change. Their legacy reflects the importance of community bonds and collective action, offering a foundation upon which future generations can build a brighter, more inclusive future.
The Williams-Franklin Foundation (WFF) proudly supports this legacy by empowering HBCU students to pursue their academic and leadership goals. Through scholarships, mentorship programs, and professional development opportunities, WFF ensures that today’s students have the tools they need to continue the tradition of excellence exemplified by the Divine Nine. By bridging financial and professional gaps, WFF contributes to shaping the next generation of leaders who will carry forward the values of service, unity, and empowerment.
